Math & Trig

PERMUT Function in Excel

Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects.

Syntax

  • =PERMUT(number, number_chosen)

Arguments

  • number (required): Total number of objects
  • number_chosen (required): Objects in each permutation

Examples

  • =PERMUT(10, 3) - Permutations of 10 choose 3 - Result: 720

PERMUT in reporting workflows

  • Use absolute references when copying formulas across rows.
  • For conditional totals see [SUMIF](/functions/sumif/) and [SUMIFS](/functions/sumifs/).
  • Filtered lists may need [SUBTOTAL](/functions/subtotal/) instead of SUM on visible cells only.

Common errors

  • #NUM! if number_chosen > number

Use cases

  • Probability
  • Arrangements
  • Statistics

Frequently asked questions

  • What is the PERMUT function in Excel? PERMUT returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects. The syntax is =PERMUT(number, number_chosen). Typical use cases include probability, arrangements, statistics.
  • How do I use the PERMUT function? To use PERMUT, type =PERMUT( in a cell and provide the required arguments. Excel will show you the syntax and parameter hints as you type. Make sure to close the parentheses and press Enter to execute the function.
  • What happens if PERMUT encounters errors? If PERMUT encounters invalid arguments or calculation errors, it may return error values like #VALUE!, #NUM!, or #DIV/0!. Check your input values and ensure they meet the function's requirements.
  • Why is PERMUT not working in my Excel? Common issues with PERMUT include #NUM! if number_chosen > number. Start by checking the syntax =PERMUT(number, number_chosen), then verify each referenced cell or range.

Editorial review

  • Reviewed by Excel.Directory Editorial Team. Updated May 2026.