Statistical

CONFIDENCE.NORM Function in Excel

Returns the confidence interval for a population mean using normal distribution.

Syntax

  • =CONFIDENCE.NORM(alpha, standard_dev, size)

Arguments

  • alpha (required): Significance level
  • standard_dev (required): Population standard deviation
  • size (required): Sample size

Examples

  • =CONFIDENCE.NORM(0.05, 2.5, 50) - 95% confidence interval - Result: 0.693

CONFIDENCE.NORM for data analysis

  • Confirm whether you need entire columns, filtered subsets, or distinct values.
  • Use [COUNTIFS](/functions/countifs/) and [SUMIFS](/functions/sumifs/) for multi-criteria metrics.
  • Pivot tables complement single-cell statistical formulas for exploration.

Common errors

  • #NUM! if alpha <= 0 or >= 1

Use cases

  • Confidence intervals
  • Statistical inference
  • Quality control

Frequently asked questions

  • How do I calculate a 95% confidence interval? Use alpha=0.05 for 95% confidence: =CONFIDENCE.NORM(0.05, stdev, n). The result is the margin of error. CI = mean ± margin. So if mean=100 and margin=2.5, the 95% CI is 97.5 to 102.5.
  • What is the difference between CONFIDENCE.NORM and CONFIDENCE.T? CONFIDENCE.NORM assumes you know the population standard deviation (rare). CONFIDENCE.T uses sample standard deviation and t-distribution, which is more appropriate for most real-world situations, especially with small samples (n<30).
  • How does sample size affect confidence interval width? Larger samples give narrower intervals. The margin of error is proportional to 1/√n. Quadrupling sample size halves the margin of error. Use this to plan sample sizes: n = (z × stdev / desired_margin)².

Editorial review

  • Reviewed by Excel.Directory Editorial Team. Updated May 2026.